Radical changes in fuel-type demand for new cars will transform the UK automotive market by 2028, according to Cox Automotive.

The rapid rise of EVs will have a profound impact on the used car market

Its first-ever four-year fuel-type forecasts reveal a dramatic decline in new diesel cars and a reduction in petrol registrations that will have a profound impact on the used market.

Over the next four years, the EV share of registrations is expected to grow 160% vs 2020-23 volumes to 2.3 million units or 28% of sales. Hybrid will account for 25% of registrations, with two million units sold.

The growth will come at the expense of diesel and petrol derivatives. Diesel share over the four years will shrink to just 3%, with 62,000 units registered in 2027, while petrol, with 3.5 million registrations over the four years, will fall 12% to just a 35% share by 2028.

Philip Nothard, insight director, Cox Automotive, said: “The registration of the millionth EV in the UK is an important milestone in the transition to zero-emission motoring. But with two in every five new cars joining the UK car parc this year forecast to be EV or hybrid, and with that proportion destined to grow rapidly in future years, dynamics in the used market over the next four years will arguably rival the complexity and impact of those experienced during the pandemic.”

This change comes on the back of the 3.1 million cars ‘lost’ since 2020 due to the contraction in the new car market from the pandemic and the semiconductor supply challenges.

Recent years have also seen the composition of the UK car parc change. In 2016, EV claimed just 0.4% share and hybrid took 3%. By 2019, this had risen to 1.6% and 6%, respectively, and by the end of 2023, their share had each shot up to 17% and 20%.

In contrast, petrol and diesel uptake has slumped. In the period 2016-19, ICE cars made up 95% of new car registrations. That number fell to 71% in the period 2020-23, a loss of 4.6 million cars. The ICE decline accelerated throughout this period, dropping from an 83% market share in 2020 to 64% in 2023. Cox Automotive forecasts a further drop of 35% between now and the end of 2027, meaning just 784,000 new ICE vehicles will hit the road in 2027 versus the 1.2 million recorded in 2023.

Diesel has experienced the most dramatic decline, from a 38% share in 2016-19, to 13% in 2020-23. By 2023, diesel vehicles – including mild-hybrid variants – represented just 8% of new registrations. Cox Automotive predicts that this share will have declined to 3% by 2028, a loss of a further 488,000 vehicles over four years, in addition to the 2.9 million lost since 2020.

While petrol volumes have remained steady – standing 58% in 2020-23 compared to 57% in 2016-19 – Cox still foresees a decline over the next four-years, with petrol’s share of all registrations dropping to 51% by the end of this year and 35% by 2028. This equates to a loss of 2.3 million petrol-powered vehicles aged 0-8 years from the used market by the end of 2027.

Philip Nothard continued: “It’s almost impossible to overstate the shift in the UK car parc over the past four years and how that change will continue to accelerate. Today’s parc for cars aged 0-4 years differs significantly from 2020 and will contrast even more so in 2028. Manufacturers will continue to be driven by legislation rather than consumer demand and ICE will be all but gone from the UK new car market long before the 2035 deadline. For used car retailers, this means a battle for the best stock, for consumers it means diminishing choice and above-inflation price increases.”

However, consumer demand for used EVs is not expected to match the pace of new EV registrations in the medium term – and Cox has said the sector is likely to see an increasing oversupply of EVs into the used market, at least until values become less volatile and consumer confidence grows, and price parity between EV and ICE is as likely to be driven by ICE values rising as by EV prices dropping.

Nothard elaborated: “We must remember that in 2023, 94% of used cars sold were ICE and many consumers will likely remain loyal to this fuel type for as long as they can. The average used car buyer is often seeking to replace their existing car with something comparable that’s affordable and fits their lifestyle. They may not yet be ready to make the leap into EV for financial, infrastructure or use-case reasons.

“And while the market for used EVs will now establish itself as volumes come on stream, it faces competition from manufacturers and dealers chasing new registration volume via compelling deals and finance offers. Many potential used buyers are cautious about longer-term EV values, their comparably high outright purchase cost and the risk of technological obsolescence. That isn’t to say, EVs don’t represent good value on the used market or will sit on forecourts unsold – in fact, there’s evidence that shows the contrary is happening. However, there is also plenty of evidence pointing to reticence on the part of private buyers while volumes in the used market are currently too small to draw meaningful conclusions.”

Nothard concluded: “This is by no means a picture of doom for the used car sector, but it would be naive to think the so-called new normal has yet been established. The overall used market is forecast to rise modestly, albeit its composition by 2028 will differ from what we’re used to today.

Cox Automotive’s full four-year forecast is available here.